[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.16″ background_color=”rgba(255,255,255,0)” transparent_background=”on” make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_post_title author=”off” admin_label=”Post Title” _builder_version=”4.16″ parallax_effect=”off” use_border_color=”off” border_color=”#ffffff” border_style=”solid” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_testimonial admin_label=”Testimonial” _builder_version=”4.27.0″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” hover_enabled=”0″ use_border_color=”off” border_color=”#ffffff” border_style=”solid” global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n
\u0130cra ve iflas hukuku; alaca\u011f\u0131n cebr\u00ee icra yoluyla tahsili, bor\u00e7lunun malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik haciz ve sat\u0131\u015f i\u015flemleri ile \u00f6deme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya\u015fayan bor\u00e7lular bak\u0131m\u0131ndan konkordato ve iflas s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini kapsar. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, uygulamada en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan takip t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7in kimler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uygun oldu\u011fu, hangi belgelerin \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00fcre\u00e7te kritik noktalar\u0131n neler oldu\u011fu, web sitesi diline uygun \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Genel haciz yoluyla takip, mahkeme karar\u0131 bulunmayan para veya teminat alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n ilams\u0131z icra yoluyla tahsilinde kullan\u0131lan en yayg\u0131n y\u00f6ntemdir. Ticari ili\u015fkilerde mal veya hizmet sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan do\u011fan alacaklar, cari hesap bakiyeleri, kira alacaklar\u0131, \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 para alacaklar\u0131 gibi geni\u015f bir alanda uygulan\u0131r. Bu takip, alacakl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan h\u0131zl\u0131 bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 sa\u011flar; bor\u00e7lunun itiraz\u0131 halinde ise uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7o\u011fu zaman mahkeme veya icra mahkemesi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu yol, elinde faturalar, s\u00f6zle\u015fme, teslim tutanaklar\u0131, cari hesap ekstresi, mutabakat yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, banka dekontlar\u0131, e-posta ve mesajla\u015fmalar gibi alaca\u011f\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve miktar\u0131n\u0131 ispatlayacak belgelere sahip olan alacakl\u0131lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle uygundur. Bor\u00e7lu taraf bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise \u00f6deme emrine s\u00fcresinde itiraz edilip edilmemesi, takibin seyrini belirleyen ilk e\u015fiktir.<\/p>\n
Belgeler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir dosya; alacak ili\u015fkisinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131, teslim veya ifay\u0131, bedelin belirlenmesini ve \u00f6denmedi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koyabilen bir belge setiyle kurulur. \u00d6zellikle ticari alacaklarda d\u00fczenli kesilen faturalar, irsaliye\/teslim kay\u0131tlar\u0131, cari hesap ekstresi ve banka \u00f6deme ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde ispat kabiliyeti artar.<\/p>\n
S\u00fcre\u00e7te en kritik noktalar; \u00f6deme emrinin tebli\u011fi sonras\u0131 bor\u00e7lunun itiraz\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimi, itiraz halinde do\u011fru hukuk yolunun se\u00e7ilmesi, takip kesinle\u015fti\u011finde haciz stratejisinin h\u0131zl\u0131 kurulmas\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerdeki alacaklar\u0131n ve banka hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n etkin takibi, sat\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin usul\u00fcne uygun ve zaman\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesidir. Uygulamada tahsil ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran unsur, yaln\u0131zca haciz talep etmek de\u011fil; bor\u00e7lunun malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru tespit edip do\u011fru s\u0131rayla hedeflemek ve sat\u0131labilir de\u011fer \u00fczerinden ilerlemektir.<\/p>\n
Kambiyo senetlerine mahsus haciz yolu, \u00e7ek, bono ve poli\u00e7eye dayanan alacaklarda alacakl\u0131ya daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve daha teknik bir takip imk\u00e2n\u0131 sunar. Senede dayal\u0131 alacaklarda, borcun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman senet \u00fczerinden kuruldu\u011fu i\u00e7in takip ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr; ancak bor\u00e7lunun itirazlar\u0131 da \u00e7o\u011fu zaman senedin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi ve imza gibi teknik noktalara odaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu takip yolu, elinde kambiyo senedi bulunan, senedin \u015fekil \u015fartlar\u0131 tamam ve takip kabiliyetine elveri\u015fli olan alacakl\u0131lar i\u00e7in uygundur. Ticari ili\u015fkilerde teminat veya \u00f6deme arac\u0131 olarak al\u0131nan bonolar ve \u00e7ekler, \u00f6zellikle tahsil s\u00fcrecini h\u0131zland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in tercih edilir. Bor\u00e7lu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ise itiraz s\u00fcrecinin k\u0131sa ve teknik olmas\u0131 sebebiyle, savunma stratejisinin ilk g\u00fcnlerden itibaren do\u011fru kurulmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
Belgeler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan senedin asl\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda, senedin hangi ili\u015fki nedeniyle verildi\u011fini g\u00f6steren temel s\u00f6zle\u015fme ve teslim belgeleri ile \u00f6deme\/mahsuba ili\u015fkin dekontlar da dosyada \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. \u00c7eklerde ibraz, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131zl\u0131k i\u015flemleri ve banka kay\u0131tlar\u0131; bonolarda vade, ke\u015fideci-lehtar ili\u015fkisi ve imza zinciri kritik hale gelir.<\/p>\n
S\u00fcre\u00e7te kritik noktalar; senedin kambiyo vasf\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131, yetki ve imza itirazlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda delil ve bilirki\u015fi y\u00f6netiminin do\u011fru yap\u0131lmas\u0131, bor\u00e7lunun menfi tespit veya istirdat davas\u0131 a\u00e7arak tedbir talep etmesi ihtimaline kar\u015f\u0131 risk plan\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Uygulamada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u015fekil eksikli\u011fi veya yanl\u0131\u015f takip kurgusu, takibin iptaline kadar gidebilece\u011fi i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 dosyas\u0131n\u0131n titizlikle haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
Kiralanan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n ilams\u0131z tahliyesi, kira ili\u015fkisinden do\u011fan baz\u0131 hallerde mahkeme ilam\u0131 beklenmeksizin icra dairesi \u00fczerinden tahliye s\u00fcrecinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesine imk\u00e2n tan\u0131r. En s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan senaryolar, kira bedelinin \u00f6denmemesi nedeniyle tahliye ve tahliye taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne dayal\u0131 tahliyedir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ler, \u00f6zellikle kiraya veren bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zaman ve maliyet avantaj\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir; ancak usule ili\u015fkin hatalar tahliye hedefini geciktirebilir.<\/p>\n
Bu yol, kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi bulunan ve kira borcunun \u00f6denmedi\u011fini bankadan veya yaz\u0131l\u0131 kay\u0131tlarla g\u00f6sterebilen kiraya verenler i\u00e7in uygundur. Tahliye taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne dayal\u0131 tahliyede ise ge\u00e7erli bir taahh\u00fcd\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve taahh\u00fctte yer alan tarihlere uyum belirleyicidir. Kirac\u0131 taraf bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise \u00f6deme emrine s\u00fcresinde itiraz edip etmeme, borcu s\u00fcresinde \u00f6deme veya depo etme imkanlar\u0131 gibi se\u00e7enekler dosyan\u0131n sonucunu do\u011frudan etkiler.<\/p>\n
Belgeler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, \u00f6deme plan\u0131, banka dekontlar\u0131, ihtar yaz\u0131lar\u0131, tebligat kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ve tahliye taahh\u00fcd\u00fc (varsa) s\u00fcrecin temelini olu\u015fturur. Tebligat\u0131n usul\u00fcne uygunlu\u011fu ve \u00f6deme emrinin i\u00e7eri\u011fi, uygulamada en \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan noktalar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
S\u00fcre\u00e7te kritik noktalar; tebligatlar\u0131n do\u011fru yap\u0131lmas\u0131, s\u00fcrelerin ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131, itiraz halinde do\u011fru yolun tercih edilmesi, tahliye a\u015famas\u0131nda icra i\u015flemlerinin eksiksiz y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi ve usule ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k iddialar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 dosyan\u0131n sa\u011flam kurulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Tahliye hedefinin h\u0131zl\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u201ctakip dosyas\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00fcnk\u00fc do\u011frulu\u011funa\u201d ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130lamlar\u0131n icras\u0131, mahkeme karar\u0131 veya ilam niteli\u011findeki belgeye dayanarak alaca\u011f\u0131n tahsil edilmesi ya da bir edimin zorla yerine getirilmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Para alaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin ilamlarda ilaml\u0131 icra yoluna gidilir; para d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edimler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise teslim, tahliye, yapma veya yapmama gibi farkl\u0131 icra usulleri g\u00fcndeme gelir.<\/p>\n
Bu yol, elinde kesinle\u015fmi\u015f veya icraya konulabilir nitelikte mahkeme karar\u0131 bulunan alacakl\u0131lar i\u00e7in uygundur. Bor\u00e7lu taraf bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise karar\u0131n kanun yolu s\u00fcreci, icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 talepleri ve teminat mekanizmalar\u0131 pratikte \u00f6nem kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Belgeler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ilam\u0131n veya ilam niteli\u011findeki belgenin do\u011fru \u015fekilde temini, kesinle\u015fme \u015ferhi gerekip gerekmedi\u011finin belirlenmesi, fer\u2019\u00ee alacaklar\u0131n do\u011fru hesaplanmas\u0131 ve takip taleplerinin ilamla uyumlu kurulmas\u0131 gerekir. Para d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edimlerde, ilam\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcm f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n icra edilebilirli\u011fi ve edimin kapsam\u0131 daha da kritik hale gelir.<\/p>\n
S\u00fcre\u00e7te kritik noktalar; tebligat ve s\u00fcre y\u00f6netimi, icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 taleplerine kar\u015f\u0131 strateji, haciz ve sat\u0131\u015f a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131n usul\u00fcne uygun y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi, para d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edimlerde fiili icra organizasyonunun do\u011fru planlanmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130laml\u0131 icra \u201cdaha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de uygulamada zamanlama ve prosed\u00fcr hatalar\u0131 tahsili geciktirebilir.<\/p>\n
Rehnin paraya \u00e7evrilmesi yolu, ipotek veya ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r rehni gibi teminatlarla g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f alacaklar\u0131n, \u00f6ncelikle rehin konusu mal\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerinden tahsil edilmesini sa\u011flayan takip yoludur. Rehinli alacaklarda s\u0131ra ve \u00f6ncelik kurallar\u0131 devreye girdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, takip kurgusu genel haciz yoluna g\u00f6re daha teknik bir yap\u0131 arz eder.<\/p>\n
Bu takip, alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ipotek veya rehinle g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015f bankalar, finans kurulu\u015flar\u0131, sat\u0131c\u0131lar veya teminat alan alacakl\u0131lar i\u00e7in uygundur. Bor\u00e7lu taraf bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise rehinli mal\u0131n de\u011fer tespiti, sat\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreci ve s\u0131ra cetveli a\u015famalar\u0131 do\u011frudan ekonomik sonu\u00e7 do\u011furur.<\/p>\n
Belgeler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden rehin s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi veya ipotek belgesi, rehnin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren kay\u0131tlar, alaca\u011f\u0131n teminat kapsam\u0131na girip girmedi\u011fini ortaya koyan ana s\u00f6zle\u015fme ve \u00f6deme \u00e7izelgeleri ile rehin derecesi ve s\u0131ra ili\u015fkisini g\u00f6steren tapu veya kay\u0131t \u00f6rnekleri \u00f6nemlidir. Rehin bedelinin alaca\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamamas\u0131 ihtimalinde kalan k\u0131s\u0131m i\u00e7in izlenecek yol da ba\u015ftan planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
S\u00fcre\u00e7te kritik noktalar; de\u011fer tespiti, sat\u0131\u015f ilanlar\u0131 ve sat\u0131\u015f \u015fartnamesi, s\u0131ra cetveline ili\u015fkin itirazlar, rehinli alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6ncelik haklar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru korunmas\u0131 ve sat\u0131\u015f gelirinin do\u011fru payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Rehinli takiplerde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir usul hatas\u0131, sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n iptali veya tahsilin gecikmesi riskini art\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n
Konkordato, \u00f6deme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya\u015fayan bor\u00e7lunun alacakl\u0131lar\u0131yla bir plan \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde anla\u015farak bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyen, mahkeme denetiminde y\u00fcr\u00fcyen bir yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rma mekanizmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ama\u00e7, bor\u00e7lunun faaliyetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesini sa\u011flayarak alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n da belirli bir plan dahilinde tahsil imkan\u0131na kavu\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00fcre\u00e7, ge\u00e7ici m\u00fchlet ve kesin m\u00fchlet gibi a\u015famalar \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fcr; komiser denetimi, alacak bildirimleri ve konkordato projesinin tasdiki gibi ad\u0131mlar i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n
Konkordato, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir nakit ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve uygulanabilir bir plan kurma imkan\u0131 bulunan bor\u00e7lular i\u00e7in uygun bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Alacakl\u0131lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise konkordato s\u00fcrecinde alaca\u011f\u0131n do\u011fru kayd\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, rehinli alacaklar\u0131n durumu, mahsup imkanlar\u0131 ve proje \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ili\u011fi kritik hale gelir.<\/p>\n
Belgeler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden bor\u00e7lu taraf i\u00e7in finansal tablolar, bor\u00e7-alacak envanteri, nakit ak\u0131\u015f projeksiyonlar\u0131, varl\u0131k listeleri ve konkordato projesinin dayanaklar\u0131; alacakl\u0131 taraf i\u00e7in ise alaca\u011f\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler, faturalar, teslim belgeleri, teminat kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ve \u00f6deme ge\u00e7mi\u015fi \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Kay\u0131t ve itiraz s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin usul\u00fcne uygun y\u00f6netilmesi, alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n tahsil imkan\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkiler.<\/p>\n
S\u00fcre\u00e7te kritik noktalar; m\u00fchlet kararlar\u0131n\u0131n etkileri, takip ve hacizlerin ak\u0131beti, rehinli alacaklar\u0131n konumu, komiser raporlar\u0131, alacakl\u0131 toplant\u0131lar\u0131 ve tasdik a\u015famas\u0131d\u0131r. Konkordato, do\u011fru kurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iflas riskini azaltabilir; yanl\u0131\u015f kurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise hem bor\u00e7lu hem alacakl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zaman ve de\u011fer kayb\u0131 yaratabilir.<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130cra ve iflas hukuku; alaca\u011f\u0131n cebr\u00ee icra yoluyla tahsili, bor\u00e7lunun malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik haciz ve sat\u0131\u015f i\u015flemleri ile \u00f6deme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya\u015fayan bor\u00e7lular bak\u0131m\u0131ndan konkordato ve iflas s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini kapsar. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, uygulamada en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan takip t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7in kimler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uygun oldu\u011fu, hangi belgelerin \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00fcre\u00e7te kritik noktalar\u0131n neler oldu\u011fu, web sitesi diline uygun \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"project_category":[12],"project_tag":[],"class_list":["post-589","project","type-project","status-publish","hentry","project_category-kamu-hukuku"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilgaz.av.tr\/2017\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/project\/589","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilgaz.av.tr\/2017\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/project"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilgaz.av.tr\/2017\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/project"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilgaz.av.tr\/2017\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilgaz.av.tr\/2017\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=589"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilgaz.av.tr\/2017\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/project\/589\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2353,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilgaz.av.tr\/2017\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/project\/589\/revisions\/2353"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilgaz.av.tr\/2017\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"project_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilgaz.av.tr\/2017\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fproject_category&post=589"},{"taxonomy":"project_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilgaz.av.tr\/2017\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fproject_tag&post=589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}